What is Epigenetics?

Epigenetics is a young science that looks at how our environment affects how our genes work. We all have unique DNA, and our behaviors can turn these genes on or off and make them function differently. This has enormous potential for treating and preventing diseases.

Our DNA/genome does not change as we age, but our epigenome changes throughout our lifetime depending on physical changes to our body, what we eat, our stress levels, medications, etc. One example of epigenetics is DNA methylation, where a methyl group is added to DNA to modify the gene expression. Methylation is responsible for many functions in the body including neurotransmitter and hormone synthesis, fat metabolism, stress response, detoxification, cellular energy, and the conversion of many nutrients and formation of many molecules in the body. Changing the way methyl bonds to the cells can cause “mistakes,” which can lead to disease and other disorders.

Problems with methylation occur due to issues with folate metabolism. Many people have a mutation called MTHFR, which causes a decrease in production in the enzyme that produces methyl-folate (the active form of folate). You can take a genetic test to see if you have this mutation, which would indicate possible issues in many bodily functions.

To improve methylation and change your gene expression, a diet rich in folate, magnesium, zinc and protein should be consumed. This includes foods like dark leafy greens, cruciferous vegetables, eggs, nuts, seeds, high antioxidant foods and lean grass fed meats. Avoid sugar, processed foods, conventional dairy, trans fats. Also make sure to exercise regularly and get plenty of sleep. Supplements can also be taken.